Cloacal swabs and alcohol bird specimens are good proxies for compositional analyses of gut microbial communities of Great tits (Parus major)

Table 2 Results of Adonis (bold) and pairwiseAdonis (Bray-Curtis distances) analyses of gut microbial communities of digestive tract regions of fresh (0D), two-weeks old (2 W), and two-months (2 M) old alcohol specimen

	Comparison	F	R²	P adjust
Cloaca (df_2,18)		1.144	0.1251	0.268
Pair-wise Adonis	0D vs. 2 W	1.035	0.0794	1
	2 W vs. 2 M	1.173	0.1435	0.720
	0D vs. 2 M	1.479	0.1185	0.477
Large Intestine (df_2,18)		1.144	0.1251	0.245
Pair-wise Adonis	0D vs. 2 W	0.9088	0.0653	1
	2 W vs. 2 M	1.614	0.1873	0.270
	0D vs. 2 M	0.0866	0.0866	0.993
Ilium (df_2,18)		1.579	0.1649	0.088
Pair-wise Adonis	0D vs. 2 W	1.326	0.0925	0.549
	2 W vs. 2 M	0.7268	0.0941	1
	0D vs. 2 M	2.247	0.1577	0.108
Middle of Small Intestine (df_2,14)		2.562	0.2992	0.003*
Pair-wise Adonis	0D vs. 2 W	1.441	0.1379	0.420
	2 W vs. 2 M	3.815	0.3527	0.06
	0D vs. 2 M	3.097	0.2791	0.021*
Beginning of Small Intestine (df_2,9)		1.253	0.2637	0.219
Pair-wise Adonis	0D vs. 2 W	1.782	0.2627	0.492
	2 W vs. 2 M	0.8224	0.1705	1
	0D vs. 2 M	1.197	0.1931	0.867
Stomach (df_2,17)		1.239	0.1418	0.198
Pair-wise Adonis	0D vs. 2 W	1.035	0.0794	1
	2 W vs. 2 M	1.173	0.1435	0.720
	0D vs. 2 M	1.479	0.1185	0.477

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