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Table 3 Behavioral changes by probiotic intervention among four different experiment groups

From: Putative modulation of the gut microbiome by probiotics enhances preference for novelty in a preliminary double-blind placebo-controlled study in ferrets

  

Difference Pre vs Post

ANOVA

Mean

Std Dev

Test

P-value

Novel Object

   

(F-value)

 Poly IC

Milk

−0.2

38.8

Probiotic

0.88 (0.02)

 Poly IC

Probiotic

12.1

37.0

Poly IC

0.53 (0.04)

 PBS

Milk

−0.1

41.9

Interaction

0.53 (0.41)

 PBS

Probiotic

−7.6

11.4

  

Novel Animal

 Poly IC

Milk

−33.6

15.9

Probiotic

0.17 (2.11)

 Poly IC

Probiotic

55.2

82.7

Poly IC

0.71 (0.14)

 PBS

Milk

3.4

71.6

Interaction

0.11 (2.85)

 PBS

Probiotic

−3.3

61.5

  

Animal vs Empty

 Poly IC

Milk

4.3

32.5

Probiotic

0.17 (2.06)

 Poly IC

Probiotic

−27.8

43.9

Poly IC

0.82 (0.05)

 PBS

Milk

−9.2

11.9

Interaction

0.54 (0.04)

 PBS

Probiotic

−21.6

41.1

  
  1. Sample size = 5 for each experiment group
  2. In all ANOVA tests, df1 is 1 for each factor, df2 is 19