Inoculation with rumen fluid in early life accelerates the rumen microbial development and favours the weaning process in goats

Table 1 Permutational analysis of variance describing the effects of early-in-life rumen microbial inoculation and time on the rumen community structure

Community¹	Inoculation	Time	Interaction
Multi-kingdom
Variance (%)	21.8	16.2	9.90
Pseudo-F	12.3	13.7	2.79
P-value	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
Bacteria
Variance (%)	16.1	17.3	9.26
Pseudo-F	8.20	13.21	2.36
P-value	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
Methanogens
Variance (%)	24.9	11.5	9.07
Pseudo-F	12.5	8.70	2.28
P-value	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.002
Protozoa
Variance (%)	14.5	9.07	6.28
Pseudo-F	6.79	4.23	1.47
P-value	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.096
Anaerobic fungi
Variance (%)	30.4	1.73	4.41
Pseudo-F	8.45	1.44	1.23
P-value	< 0.001	0.192	0.193

¹Microbial data were log10 transformed and only Spearman’s correlations coefficients ρ > 0.3 (green) or ρ < −0.3 (red) and p < 0.01 are shown (N = 96). Parameters: milk, concentrate, forage and DM intake (g/d), rumen pH,total volatile fatty acids (mM), acetate (%), propionate, butyrate (%), odd and branched chain fatty acids (%), microbial concentration (log10 copies/mg DM), OTUs richness (−R), plasma β-hydroxybutyrate (mM), blood glucose (mg/dL), average daily gain (g/d) and ADG during the post weaning period (ADG-pw)

ISSN: 2524-4671