Fecal microbiome of horses transitioning between warm-season and cool-season grass pasture within integrated rotational grazing systems

Table 1 Results of Adonis¹ multivariate PERMANOVA analysis of β-diversity showing influence of main effects and interactions

Model effects/interactions	β-diversity metric
	Weighted UniFrac		Unweighted UniFrac		Bray–Curtis Dissimilarity		Jaccard index
	R²	P-value	R²	P-value	R²	P-value	R²	P-value
Day²	0.013	0.133	0.013	0.039	0.014	0.014	0.015	0.011
Transition³	0.032	0.001	0.052	0.001	0.037	0.001	0.042	0.001
Grazing system⁴	0.161	0.001	0.097	0.001	0.110	0.001	0.081	0.001
Horse	0.242	0.001	0.310	0.001	0.336	0.001	0.286	0.001
Day*transition	0.039	0.001	0.017	0.003	0.023	0.001	0.019	0.002
Day*grazing system	0.011	0.159	0.010	0.092	0.012	0.032	0.012	0.044
Day*horse	0.062	0.123	0.051	0.161	0.050	0.098	0.061	0.015
Transition*grazing system	0.024	0.011	0.023	0.003	0.024	0.001	0.025	0.001
Transition*horse	0.073	0.021	0.111	0.001	0.086	0.001	0.109	0.001
Daytransitiongrazing system	0.035	0.002	0.012	0.040	0.018	0.003	0.015	0.004
Daytransitionhorse	0.062	0.109	0.581	0.035	0.059	0.007	0.066	0.004

¹Analyses were conducted in Qiime2 (v.2020.8) (Boylen et al., 2019)
²Samples were collected on day 0, 2, 4, 6 of each transition
³Samples were collected for transitions from cool-season to warm-season pasture grass and from warm- to cool-season grass
⁴Horses were managed in two integrated systems, one of which contained Quick-N-Big crabgrass as the warm-season forage and the other contained Wrangler bermudagrass

ISSN: 2524-4671