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Fig. 2 | Animal Microbiome

Fig. 2

From: A framework for testing the impact of co-infections on host gut microbiomes

Fig. 2

A framework to assess the impact of co-infections on α- and ß-diversity of the host’s microbiome. The top banner provides an overview of different α-diversity metrics, and the patterns created by a shift in centroid (i.e., a deterministic effect with centroid = black dot) or when plotted as distance from centroid (i.e., a stochastic effect with spread = black arrow), both describing ß-diversity. Based on the impact a single infection (yellow) has on uninfected hosts (blue), the effect of a co-infection (red) can be classified as either neutral, synergistic or antagonistic. Animal symbols are in reference to the focal organism of studies featured in Table 1 and the number represents the frequency a similar result was found. * = significant differences (i.e., p-value < 0.05); ns = non-significant differences (i.e., p-value > 0.05)

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