Fig. 3

A Observed richness and B Inverse Simpson alpha-diversity indices for kākāpō chick faecal samples grouped by location. Significant Dunn’s test pairwise comparisons with Benjamini–Hochberg adjustment between location groups in the box-plots are denoted by asterisks (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001). Boxes represent the median (within-box horizontal line), 25^th (lower hinge) and 75^th (upper hinge) percentiles. Whiskers extend to the smallest and largest values within 1.5 times interquartile range above the 25^th and 75^th percentiles, respectively. Data beyond the end of the whiskers are outliers and plotted individually. C Species-level taxonomic distribution of bacteria by the relative abundance of 16S rRNA gene sequences within location groups (at time of sampling) for individual kākāpō chick faecal samples (samples for a given chick may include those collected both in captivity and in the nest). Individual samples are ordered within location groups chronologically and alphabetically. Taxa with mean relative 16S rRNA gene sequence abundance < 0.3% are grouped as ‘Other species’