Fig. 4

Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and heatmap of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) orthology (KO) terms of fecal samples collected from cats fed the experimental diets. The data show a significant shift in KO term relative abundance between the diet groups, indicating gut bacterial functions changed in response to diet. The Kruskal–Wallis test was used to assess the association between diet and the top two PCo axes followed by Dunn’s post-hoc test to evaluate the difference between groups. A No significant differences between the diet groups were observed along the PCo1 (P > 0.05, Kruskal–Wallis test). However, strong shifts along the PCo2 was observed between the diet groups (P < 0.0001, Kruskal–Wallis test). PCo2 scores were higher in iFPPB and FPPB groups (FDR adjusted P-values = 0.0001 and 0.002, respectively, Dunn’s post-hoc test) but they did not differ significantly between the iFPPB and FPPB groups (P = 0.06, Dunn’s post-hoc test). B Heatmap showing differences in relative abundance of differentially abundant KO terms between the diet groups