Table 3 Summary of PERMANOVA model statistics for all beta diversity measures (Bray Curtis, Jaccard, Unifrac) and clinical health issues, reproductive hormones, and metabolic hormones in African elephants
Variable | df | Bray–Curtis | Jaccard | Unifrac | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
R2 | Pseudo F-stat | p value | R2 | Pseudo F-stat | p value | R2 | Pseudo F-stat | p value | ||
Progestagens (ng/ml) | 1 | 0.023 | 1.493 | 0.756 | 0.020 | 1.307 | 0.859 | 0.020 | 1.325 | 0.625 |
PRL (ng/ml) | 1 | 0.026 | 1.718 | 0.401 | 0.022 | 1.388 | 0.383 | 0.027 | 1.809 | 0.516 |
LH (ng/ml) | 1 | 0.020 | 1.310 | 0.488 | 0.020 | 1.270 | 0.114 | 0.020 | 1.313 | 0.207 |
FSH (ng/ml) | 1 | 0.019 | 1.257 | 0.676 | 0.019 | 1.235 | 0.579 | 0.019 | 1.222 | 0.564 |
FGM (ng/g) | 1 | 0.019 | 1.248 | 0.138 | 0.018 | 1.180 | 0.188 | 0.019 | 1.229 | 0.013* |
Total T4 (ug/dl) | 1 | 0.020 | 1.302 | 0.962 | 0.020 | 1.285 | 0.922 | 0.019 | 1.262 | 0.584 |
Total T3 (ng/dl) | 1 | 0.027 | 1.797 | 0.994 | 0.025 | 1.571 | 0.989 | 0.026 | 1.736 | 0.946 |
Free T4 (ng/dl) | 1 | 0.030 | 1.972 | 0.334 | 0.026 | 1.650 | 0.265 | 0.035 | 2.287 | 0.407 |
TSH (ng/ml) | 1 | 0.020 | 1.300 | 0.974 | 0.019 | 1.217 | 0.972 | 0.021 | 1.357 | 0.608 |
BCS | 2 | 0.041 | 1.329 | 0.101 | 0.038 | 1.197 | 0.157 | 0.041 | 1.345 | 0.160 |
GI_6wks | 1 | 0.019 | 1.219 | 0.423 | 0.018 | 1.161 | 0.541 | 0.019 | 1.253 | 0.487 |
LameStiff_6wks | 1 | 0.016 | 1.040 | 0.383 | 0.016 | 1.009 | 0.585 | 0.018 | 1.173 | 0.055 |
Age | 1 | 0.017 | 1.095 | 0.644 | 0.017 | 1.110 | 0.389 | 0.019 | 1.234 | 0.440 |
Residual | 46 | 0.703 | NA | NA | 0.721 | NA | NA | 0.698 | NA | NA |