Fig. 4From: Microbiota members from body sites of dairy cows are largely shared within individual hosts throughout lactation but sharing is limited in the herdTemporal variation of bovine oral, nasal, vaginal and milk microbiota during lactation is site dependent. For each site, multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) was performed based on the measurement of the UniFrac distance. Samples are indicated by points and colored with regard to the four time points (-1W, 1 M, 3 M, 7 M). Permanova performed with the UniFrac distances revealed a time effect on the microbial composition associated to each site with a higher contribution of time to oral and nasal microbiota beta-diversity compared to milk and vaginal. (see P value and R2 indicated on the figure; A R2 of 0.244 (first panel) indicates a contribution of time to oral microbiota beta-diversity of 24.4%, although that number may be inflated by differences in beta dispersion). Similar results were obtained with Jaccard, Unifrac and wUniFrac distancesBack to article page