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Table 2 Study design and actions performed to followed piglets born to treated or non-treated sows

From: Ceftiofur treatment of sows results in long-term alterations in the nasal microbiota of the offspring that can be ameliorated by inoculation of nasal colonizers

Production phase

Day (D)

Action performed

Analysis

Non-treated sow

Treated-sow

Control (N = 10)

TP (N = 9)

IP (N = 12)

TS (N = 11)

TS-IP (N = 12)

Lactation

D0

Piglet treatment

 

0

115

0

0

0

Piglet inoculation

0

0

175

0

154

Weight

118

115

175

129

154

Nasal sampling

M. hyorhinis, G. parasuis and S. suis PCRsa

0

10

0

10

0

Microbiota 16S sequencing

0

5

0

5

0

D7

Nasal sampling

G. parasuis and S. suis cultureb

10

9

12

11

12

M. hyorhinis, G. parasuis and S. suis PCRsc

50

45

60

55

60

Microbiota 16S sequencing

5

5

5

5

5

D15

Nasal sampling

G. parasuis and S. suis cultureb

10

9

12

11

12

M. hyorhinis, G. parasuis and S. suis PCRsc

50

45

60

55

60

Nursery

D21

Weight

 

101

85

118

89

97

Nasal sampling

G. parasuis and S. suis cultureb

10

9

12

11

12

M. hyorhinis, G. parasuis and S. suis PCRsc

50

45

60

55

60

Microbiota 16S sequencing

5

5

5

5

5

WGS metagenomics

5

5

5

5

5

D49

Nasal sampling

G. parasuis and S. suis cultureb

10

9

12

11

12

M. hyorhinis, G. parasuis and S. suis PCRsc

25

20

25

25

25

Microbiota 16S sequencing

5

5

5

5

5

WGS metagenomics

5

5

5

5

5

  1. a5 animals were randomly selected among the 10 samples for PCR testing
  2. bCorresponded to one piglet per litter
  3. cCorresponded to five piglet per litter
  4. Control, non-treated piglets born to non-treated sows; TP, piglets treated with ceftiofur born to non-treated sows; IP, inoculated piglets born to non-treated sows; TS, piglets born to treated sows; TS-IP, inoculated piglets born to treated sows