Fig. 2

Analyses of small mammal community variations. A Principal component analysis (PCA) of the environmental features characterizing sampling sites (black arrows. The red arrows indicate that PCA1 axis describes different levels of urbanization while PCA2 axis describes differences in land use management and resource exploitation. B Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) of the small mammal trapping success per site. Sites are represented by dots and color code. Species are represented by a black triangle. The two first PCA axes were included as explanatory variables in the canonical analysis and are represented by red arrows. C Bar graph showing the relative trapping success of species (represented by colors) per site, ordered from the less (FRFMIG) to the more (FRPLTO) urbanized ones. The icons highlight the variations between urban and rural locations, with arrows denoting the species classification on the urbanization spectrum. Species that are not found in urban zones are classified as urban avoiders, those only present in urban areas are urban dwellers, and those found in both areas are urban adapters